],
                    body=e.doc,
                )
                raise validation_error from e
            except HTTPException:
                # If a middleware raises an HTTPException, it should be raised again
                raise
            except Exception as e:
                http_error = HTTPException(
                    status_code=400, detail="There was an error parsing the body"
                )

    ```
    """

    def __init__(
        self: AppType,
        *,
        debug: Annotated[
            bool,
            Doc(
                """
                Boolean indicating if debug tracebacks should be returned on server
                errors.

                Read more in the
                [Starlette docs for Applications](https://www.starlette.io/applications/#instantiating-the-application).
                """

   * about heavyweight listeners are also applicable to heavyweight functions passed to this method.
   * (Specifically, {@code directExecutor} functions should avoid heavyweight operations inside
   * {@code AsyncClosingFunction.apply}. Any heavyweight operations should occur in other threads
   * responsible for completing the returned {@code ClosingFuture}.)
   *

   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> if {@code K} is an {@code enum} type, use {@link #newEnumMap} instead.
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> this method is now unnecessary and should be treated as deprecated. Instead,
   * use the {@code HashMap} constructor directly, taking advantage of <a
   * href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/generics/genTypeInference.html#type-inference-instantiation">"diamond"

   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> if {@code K} is an {@code enum} type, use {@link #newEnumMap} instead.
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> this method is now unnecessary and should be treated as deprecated. Instead,
   * use the {@code HashMap} constructor directly, taking advantage of <a
   * href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/generics/genTypeInference.html#type-inference-instantiation">"diamond"

    /** The key of the message: {item} should be numeric. */
    public static final String CONSTRAINTS_TypeInteger_MESSAGE = "{constraints.TypeInteger.message}";

    /** The key of the message: {item} should be numeric. */
    public static final String CONSTRAINTS_TypeLong_MESSAGE = "{constraints.TypeLong.message}";

    /** The key of the message: {item} should be numeric. */

                     * is like changing the rug out from underneath our feet.
                     */
/* Technically we should also try to authenticate here but that means doing the session setup and tree connect separately. For now a simple connect will at least tell us if the host is alive. That should be sufficient for 99% of the cases. We can revisit this again for 2.0.
 */
                    trans.connect();

    assertFailsWith<IOException> {
      getResponse(Request("http://-/foo.html".toHttpUrl()))
    }
  }

  // The request should work once and then fail.
  @Test
  fun getKeepAlive() {
    server.enqueue(MockResponse(body = "ABC"))

    // The request should work once and then fail.
    val connection1 = getResponse(newRequest("/"))
    val source1 = connection1.body.source()

          (We know it to be true):
        If she should push the matter on,
          What would become of you?

        I gave her one, they gave him two,
          You gave us three or more;
        They all returned from him to you,
          Though they were mine before.

        If I or she should chance to be
          Involved in this affair,

  }

  /**
   * This method is a convenience for testing. Code should call {@link Segment#getLiveValue}
   * instead.
   */
  @VisibleForTesting
  boolean isLive(ReferenceEntry<K, V> entry, long now) {
    return segmentFor(entry.getHash()).getLiveValue(entry, now) != null;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the segment that should be used for a key with the given hash.
   *