verify(mockMd5, times(1)).digest(buffer, 0, expectedOutput.length); // Final digest into buffer
        }
    }

    @Test
    void testEngineDigestWithBufferException() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, DigestException {
        // Test engineDigest(byte[] buf, int offset, int len) throws exception
        try (MockedStatic<Crypto> mockedCrypto = mockStatic(Crypto.class)) {