Si los passwords no coinciden, devolvemos el mismo error.

#### Hashing de passwords

"Hacer hash" significa: convertir algún contenido (un password en este caso) en una secuencia de bytes (solo un string) que parece un galimatías.

Siempre que pases exactamente el mismo contenido (exactamente el mismo password) obtienes exactamente el mismo galimatías.

///

## Password hashing { #password-hashing }

"Hashing" means converting some content (a password in this case) into a sequence of bytes (just a string) that looks like gibberish.

Whenever you pass exactly the same content (exactly the same password) you get exactly the same gibberish.

But you cannot convert from the gibberish back to the password.

### Why use password hashing { #why-use-password-hashing }

/// tip

This is how you would handle **passwords**. Receive them, but don't return them in the API.

You would also **hash** the values of the passwords before storing them, **never store them in plain text**.

///

The fields of `HeroCreate` are:

* `name`
* `age`
* `secret_name`

Now, whenever a browser is creating a user with a password, the API will return the same password in the response.

In this case, it might not be a problem, because it's the same user sending the password.

But if we use the same model for another *path operation*, we could be sending our user's passwords to every client.

/// danger

# Einfaches OAuth2 mit Password und Bearer

Lassen Sie uns nun auf dem vorherigen Kapitel aufbauen und die fehlenden Teile hinzufügen, um einen vollständigen Sicherheits-Flow zu erhalten.

## `username` und `password` entgegennehmen

Wir werden **FastAPIs** Sicherheits-Werkzeuge verwenden, um den `username` und das `password` entgegenzunehmen.

///

## Passwort-Hashing

„Hashing“ bedeutet: Konvertieren eines Inhalts (in diesem Fall eines Passworts) in eine Folge von Bytes (ein schlichter String), die wie Kauderwelsch aussieht.

Immer wenn Sie genau den gleichen Inhalt (genau das gleiche Passwort) übergeben, erhalten Sie genau den gleichen Kauderwelsch.

Sie können jedoch nicht vom Kauderwelsch zurück zum Passwort konvertieren.

        try {
            String username = "testuser";
            String password = "testpass";
            server = startFtpServer(FTP_PORT, username, password);
            Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            FtpAuthentication auth = new FtpAuthentication();
            auth.setUsername(username);
            auth.setPassword(password);

		// More than maxConfigSize bytes were available
		writeErrorResponseJSON(ctx, w, errorCodes.ToAPIErr(ErrAdminConfigTooLarge), r.URL)
		return
	}

	password := cred.SecretKey
	kvBytes, err := madmin.DecryptData(password, io.LimitReader(r.Body, r.ContentLength))
	if err != nil {
		adminLogIf(ctx, err)
		writeErrorResponseJSON(ctx, w, errorCodes.ToAPIErr(ErrAdminConfigBadJSON), r.URL)
		return
	}

# 패스워드와 Bearer를 이용한 간단한 OAuth2

이제 이전 장에서 빌드하고 누락된 부분을 추가하여 완전한 보안 흐름을 갖도록 하겠습니다.

## `username`와 `password` 얻기

**FastAPI** 보안 유틸리티를 사용하여 `username` 및 `password`를 가져올 것입니다.

OAuth2는 (우리가 사용하고 있는) "패스워드 플로우"을 사용할 때 클라이언트/유저가 `username` 및 `password` 필드를 폼 데이터로 보내야 함을 지정합니다.

그리고 사양에는 필드의 이름을 그렇게 지정해야 한다고 나와 있습니다. 따라서 `user-name` 또는 `email`은 작동하지 않습니다.

하지만 걱정하지 않아도 됩니다. 프런트엔드에서 최종 사용자에게 원하는 대로 표시할 수 있습니다.

그리고 데이터베이스 모델은 원하는 다른 이름을 사용할 수 있습니다.

```Python
UserInDB(
    username="john",
    password="secret",
    email="******@****.***",
    full_name=None,
)
```

Или, если для большей точности мы напрямую используем `user_dict` с любым потенциальным содержимым, то этот пример будет выглядеть так:

```Python
UserInDB(
    username = user_dict["username"],
    password = user_dict["password"],
    email = user_dict["email"],