return src[si] & 0xFF | (src[si + 1] & 0xFF) << 8 | (src[si + 2] & 0xFF) << 16 | (src[si + 3] & 0xFF) << 24;
    }

    /* Encode and decode 64 bit integers
     */

    /**
     * Encodes a 64-bit unsigned integer in big-endian byte order.
     *
     * @param l the long value to encode
     * @param dst the destination byte array
     * @param di the starting index in the destination array

            context = new PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext(mockConfig, hashAlgos, salt);
            int encoded = context.encode(buffer, 0);

            assertEquals(4 + (count * 2) + 16, encoded);
            assertEquals(context.size(), encoded);
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should encode and decode correctly")
        void testEncodeAndDecode() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {

        when(mockFileInfo.encode(dst, 0)).thenReturn(8);
        when(mockFileInfo.size()).thenReturn(8);

        // Test encode
        int encoded = mockFileInfo.encode(dst, 0);
        assertEquals(8, encoded);

        // Test size
        int size = mockFileInfo.size();
        assertEquals(8, size);

        // Verify interactions
        verify(mockFileInfo).encode(dst, 0);

            int encoded = originalContext.encode(buffer, 0);
            assertEquals(2 + (2 * maxCiphers), encoded);

            EncryptionNegotiateContext decodedContext = new EncryptionNegotiateContext();
            int decoded = decodedContext.decode(buffer, 0, encoded);

            assertEquals(encoded, decoded);
            assertArrayEquals(ciphers, decodedContext.getCiphers());

    public void test_encode() {
        assertNull(permissionHelper.encode(null));
        assertNull(permissionHelper.encode(""));
        assertNull(permissionHelper.encode(" "));
        assertNull(permissionHelper.encode("{user}"));
        assertNull(permissionHelper.encode("{role}"));
        assertNull(permissionHelper.encode("{group}"));
        assertNull(permissionHelper.encode("(allow)"));

            byte[] largeBuffer = new byte[4096];
            int encoded = originalContext.encode(largeBuffer, 0);
            assertEquals(4 + (2 * maxAlgos) + salt.length, encoded);

            PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext decodedContext = new PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext();
            int decoded = decodedContext.decode(largeBuffer, 0, encoded);

            assertEquals(encoded, decoded);

        assertEquals(0x20, name.hexCode);
        assertNull(name.scope);
        assertEquals(34, length);
    }

    @Test
    void readWireFormat_withScope_shouldDecodeCorrectly() {
        byte[] src = new byte[100];

        // Encode name part (simplified)
        for (int i = 0; i < 33; i++) {
            src[i] = 'A';
        }

        // Encode scope "test.com"

            int expectedSize = 4 + 2 * path.length();
            assertEquals(expectedSize, buffer.size());
        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Encode Tests")
    class EncodeTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should encode simple path correctly")
        void testEncodeSimplePath() {
            String path = "\\\\server\\share";
            int maxReferralLevel = 3;

        byte[] encoded = AvPairs.encode(pairs);

        assertNotNull(encoded, "Encoded data should not be null");
        assertEquals(4, encoded.length, "Should only have EOL (4 bytes)");
        assertEquals(AvPair.MsvAvEOL, SMBUtil.readInt2(encoded, 0), "Should be EOL");
        assertEquals(0, SMBUtil.readInt2(encoded, 2), "EOL length should be 0");
    }

    /**
     * Test round-trip encoding and decoding

        for (long testValue : testValues) {
            // Create and encode
            FileEndOfFileInformation original = new FileEndOfFileInformation(testValue);
            byte[] buffer = new byte[8];
            int encoded = original.encode(buffer, 0);

            assertEquals(8, encoded);

            // Decode into new instance
            FileEndOfFileInformation decoded = new FileEndOfFileInformation();