bufferIndex += byteCount;
        }

        /*
         * if there is an andx and it itself is an andx then just recur by
         * calling this method for it. otherwise just read it's parameter words
         * and bytes as usual. Note how we can't just call andx.readWireFormat
         * because there's no header.
         */

        if (errorCode != 0 || andxCommand == (byte) 0xFF) {

            }
            bufferIndex += this.byteCount;
        }

        /*
         * if there is an andx and it itself is an andx then just recur by
         * calling this method for it. otherwise just read it's parameter words
         * and bytes as usual. Note how we can't just call andx.readWireFormat
         * because there's no header.
         */

        if (this.errorCode != 0 || this.andxCommand == (byte) 0xFF) {

Each "scope" is just a string (without spaces).

They are normally used to declare specific security permissions, for example:

* `users:read` or `users:write` are common examples.
* `instagram_basic` is used by Facebook / Instagram.
* `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive` is used by Google.

/// info

In OAuth2 a "scope" is just a string that declares a specific permission required.

```Python hl_lines="2"
@app.get('/')
def results():
    results = some_library()
    return results
```

---

If your application (somehow) doesn't have to communicate with anything else and wait for it to respond, use `async def`, even if you don't need to use `await` inside.

---

If you just don't know, use normal `def`.

---

# About HTTPS { #about-https }

It is easy to assume that HTTPS is something that is just "enabled" or not.

But it is way more complex than that.

/// tip

If you are in a hurry or don't care, continue with the next sections for step by step instructions to set everything up with different techniques.

///

/// tip

The `model_config` attribute is used just for Pydantic configuration. You can read more at <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/config/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic: Concepts: Configuration</a>.

///

////

//// tab | Pydantic v1

{* ../../docs_src/settings/app03_an/config_pv1.py hl[9:10] *}

/// tip

### Single Container { #single-container }

                }
            } catch (final Exception ex) {
                final String msg = ex.getMessage();
                final boolean timeout = msg != null && msg.equals("Read timed out");
                /* If just a timeout, try to disconnect gracefully
                 */
                final boolean hard = !timeout;

                if (!timeout && LogStream.level >= 3) {
                    ex.printStackTrace(log);

Here we do it... just to show that we can 🤷:

```Python hl_lines="21-23" title="app/main.py"
{!../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/main.py!}
```

and it will work correctly, together with all the other *path operations* added with `app.include_router()`.

/// info | Very Technical Details

**Note**: this is a very technical detail that you probably can **just skip**.

---

Because all the **fields actually change** (the type now includes `None` and they now have a default value of `None`), we need to **re-declare** them.