import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

### Concurrency and Burgers { #concurrency-and-burgers }

This idea of **asynchronous** code described above is also sometimes called **"concurrency"**. It is different from **"parallelism"**.

**Concurrency** and **parallelism** both relate to "different things happening more or less at the same time".

But the details between *concurrency* and *parallelism* are quite different.

  }

  /**
   * Guides the allowed concurrency among update operations. Used as a hint for internal sizing. The
   * table is internally partitioned to try to permit the indicated number of concurrent updates
   * without contention. Because assignment of entries to these partitions is not necessarily
   * uniform, the actual concurrency observed may vary. Ideally, you should choose a value to

  }

  /**
   * Guides the allowed concurrency among update operations. Used as a hint for internal sizing. The
   * table is internally partitioned to try to permit the indicated number of concurrent updates
   * without contention. Because assignment of entries to these partitions is not necessarily
   * uniform, the actual concurrency observed may vary. Ideally, you should choose a value to

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.concurrent.SynchronousQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import junit.framework.AssertionFailedError;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A helper for concurrency testing. One or more {@code TestThread} instances are instantiated in a

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReferenceArray;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.concurrent.SynchronousQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import junit.framework.AssertionFailedError;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A helper for concurrency testing. One or more {@code TestThread} instances are instantiated in a

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A multiset that supports concurrent modifications and that provides atomic versions of most

<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-02.png" class="illustration">

收銀員通知廚房準備你的漢堡（儘管他們還在為前面其他顧客準備食物）。

<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-03.png" class="illustration">

之後你完成付款。💸

收銀員給你一個號碼牌。

<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-04.png" class="illustration">

在等待漢堡的同時，你可以與戀人選一張桌子，然後坐下來聊很長一段時間（因為漢堡十分豪華，準備特別費工。）

這段時間，你還能欣賞你的戀人有多麼的可愛、聰明與迷人。✨😍✨