String graphString = graph.toString();
    assertThat(graphString).contains("isDirected: " + graph.isDirected());
    assertThat(graphString).contains("allowsSelfLoops: " + graph.allowsSelfLoops());

    int nodeStart = graphString.indexOf("nodes:");
    int edgeStart = graphString.indexOf("edges:");
    String nodeString = graphString.substring(nodeStart, edgeStart);

    MutableGraph<Integer> directedGraph = GraphBuilder.directed().allowsSelfLoops(false).build();
    directedGraph.putEdge(N1, N2);
    directedGraph.putEdge(N1, N3);
    directedGraph.putEdge(N2, N3);
    directedGraph.addNode(N4);

    MutableGraph<Integer> expectedClosure = GraphBuilder.directed().allowsSelfLoops(true).build();
    expectedClosure.putEdge(N1, N1);
    expectedClosure.putEdge(N1, N2);

  }

  @Test
  public void edges_selfLoop() {
    assume().that(network.allowsSelfLoops()).isTrue();

    addEdge(N1, N1, E11);
    assertThat(network.edges()).containsExactly(E11);
  }

  @Test
  public void incidentEdges_selfLoop() {
    assume().that(network.allowsSelfLoops()).isTrue();

    addEdge(N1, N1, E11);
    assertThat(network.incidentEdges(N1)).containsExactly(E11);

    assertThat(graph.incidentEdgeOrder()).isEqualTo(asGraph.incidentEdgeOrder());
    assertThat(graph.isDirected()).isEqualTo(asGraph.isDirected());
    assertThat(graph.allowsSelfLoops()).isEqualTo(asGraph.allowsSelfLoops());

    Network<Integer, EndpointPair<Integer>> asNetwork = graph.asNetwork();
    AbstractNetworkTest.validateNetwork(asNetwork);
    assertThat(graph.nodes()).isEqualTo(asNetwork.nodes());

      }

      @Override
      public boolean isDirected() {
        return AbstractNetwork.this.isDirected();
      }

      @Override
      public boolean allowsSelfLoops() {
        return AbstractNetwork.this.allowsSelfLoops();
      }

      @Override
      public Set<N> adjacentNodes(N node) {
        return AbstractNetwork.this.adjacentNodes(node);
      }

      @Override

      }

      @Override
      public boolean isDirected() {
        return AbstractNetwork.this.isDirected();
      }

      @Override
      public boolean allowsSelfLoops() {
        return AbstractNetwork.this.allowsSelfLoops();
      }

      @Override
      public Set<N> adjacentNodes(N node) {
        return AbstractNetwork.this.adjacentNodes(node);
      }

      @Override

    assertThat(graph.incidentEdgeOrder()).isEqualTo(asGraph.incidentEdgeOrder());
    assertThat(graph.isDirected()).isEqualTo(asGraph.isDirected());
    assertThat(graph.allowsSelfLoops()).isEqualTo(asGraph.allowsSelfLoops());

    Network<Integer, EndpointPair<Integer>> asNetwork = graph.asNetwork();
    AbstractNetworkTest.validateNetwork(asNetwork);
    assertThat(graph.nodes()).isEqualTo(asNetwork.nodes());

    String graphString = graph.toString();
    assertThat(graphString).contains("isDirected: " + graph.isDirected());
    assertThat(graphString).contains("allowsSelfLoops: " + graph.allowsSelfLoops());

    int nodeStart = graphString.indexOf("nodes:");
    int edgeStart = graphString.indexOf("edges:");
    String nodeString = graphString.substring(nodeStart, edgeStart);

      @Override
      public boolean allowsParallelEdges() {
        return false; // Graph doesn't allow parallel edges
      }

      @Override
      public boolean allowsSelfLoops() {
        return AbstractBaseGraph.this.allowsSelfLoops();
      }

      @Override
      public ElementOrder<N> nodeOrder() {
        return AbstractBaseGraph.this.nodeOrder();
      }

      @Override

   * to add a self-loop to a graph that does not allow them will throw an {@link
   * IllegalArgumentException}.
   */
  @Override
  boolean allowsSelfLoops();

  /** Returns the order of iteration for the elements of {@link #nodes()}. */
  @Override
  ElementOrder<N> nodeOrder();

  /**