assertEquals(123, newParams.get("key2"));

        // Verify that modifications to new instance don't affect original
        newParams.put("key3", "value3");
        assertTrue(newParams.containsKey("key3"));
        assertFalse(dataStoreParams.containsKey("key3"));

        // Verify that modifications to original don't affect new instance
        dataStoreParams.put("key4", "value4");

        // Test with FLAGS_NO_PROPAGATE (should not affect the result)
        ace.flags = ACE.FLAGS_OBJECT_INHERIT | ACE.FLAGS_CONTAINER_INHERIT | ACE.FLAGS_NO_PROPAGATE;
        assertEquals("This folder, subfolders and files", ace.getApplyToText());

        // Test with FLAGS_INHERITED (should not affect the result)
        ace.flags = ACE.FLAGS_OBJECT_INHERIT | ACE.FLAGS_INHERITED;

        // Null username should be handled gracefully
        assertTrue(rateLimiter.checkAttempt(null, "192.168.1.8"), "Null username should be allowed");

        // Should not affect IP limiting
        rateLimiter.recordFailure(null, "192.168.1.8");
        assertTrue(rateLimiter.checkAttempt("realuser", "192.168.1.8"), "Should still track IP");
    }

    @Test

    /**
     * upperBoundWindow represents the headMap/subMap/tailMap view of the entire "ranges by upper
     * bound" map; it's a constraint on the *keys*, and does not affect the values.
     */
    private final Range<Cut<C>> upperBoundWindow;

    RangesByUpperBound(NavigableMap<Cut<C>, Range<C>> rangesByLowerBound) {
      this.rangesByLowerBound = rangesByLowerBound;

        CharMappingItem item = new CharMappingItem(1L, originalInputs, "output");

        String[] returnedInputs = item.getInputs();

        // Modifying returned array should not affect original
        returnedInputs[0] = "modified";

        // Get again and verify not modified
        String[] inputs2 = item.getInputs();
        assertEquals("a", inputs2[0]);

* `upgrade`: Upgrades

        assertEquals(10, derivedBuffer.index);
        assertSame(ndrBuffer.deferred, derivedBuffer.deferred); // Deferred should be the same as original

        // Ensure changes to derived buffer don't affect original's index/start
        derivedBuffer.advance(5);
        assertEquals(15, derivedBuffer.index);
        assertEquals(50, ndrBuffer.index); // Original index should be unchanged
    }

    @Test

    // required after the execution of 9) as the AbstractLifecycleParticipants are free to mutate the MavenProject
    // instances, which may change dependencies which can, in turn, affect the build order.
    //
    // 11) Execute LifecycleStarter.start()
    //
    @SuppressWarnings("checkstyle:methodlength")
    private MavenExecutionResult doExecute(MavenExecutionRequest request) {

        assertEquals(expected, param.toString());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_immutability() {
        // Test that modifying the original values array doesn't affect the parameter
        String name = "immutableParam";
        String[] originalValues = { "original1", "original2" };
        RequestParameter param = new RequestParameter(name, originalValues);

public final class Collections2 {
  private Collections2() {}

  /**
   * Returns the elements of {@code unfiltered} that satisfy a predicate. The returned collection is
   * a live view of {@code unfiltered}; changes to one affect the other.
   *
   * <p>The resulting collection's iterator does not support {@code remove()}, but all other
   * collection methods are supported. When given an element that doesn't satisfy the predicate, the