when(strategy.isApplicable(context)).thenReturn(true);
                when(strategy.apply(Mockito.eq(context), Mockito.any())).thenReturn(UpgradeResult.empty());
            }

            UpgradeResult result = orchestrator.executeStrategies(context, pomMap);

            assertTrue(result.success(), "Orchestrator should succeed when all strategies succeed");

            Document document = Document.of(pomXml);
            Map<Path, Document> pomMap = Map.of(Paths.get("pom.xml"), document);

            UpgradeContext context = createMockContext();
            UpgradeResult result = strategy.doApply(context, pomMap);

            assertTrue(result.success(), "Plugin upgrade should succeed");
            // Note: POM may or may not be modified depending on whether upgrades are needed

            // Mock successful strategy execution
            when(mockOrchestrator.executeStrategies(Mockito.any(), Mockito.any()))
                    .thenReturn(UpgradeResult.empty());

            // Execute with target model 4.0.0 (should create .mvn directory)
            upgradeGoal.testExecuteWithTargetModel(context, "4.0.0");

            Path mvnDir = projectDir.resolve(".mvn");

            pomMap.put(Paths.get("pom.xml"), document);

            UpgradeContext context = createMockContext(TestUtils.createOptionsWithModelVersion(targetModelVersion));

            UpgradeResult result = strategy.doApply(context, pomMap);

            assertTrue(result.success(), "Model upgrade should succeed: " + description);
            assertEquals(expectedModifiedCount, result.modifiedCount(), description);

            Document document = Document.of(pomXml);
            Map<Path, Document> pomMap = Map.of(Paths.get("pom.xml"), document);

            UpgradeContext context = createMockContext();
            UpgradeResult result = strategy.doApply(context, pomMap);

            assertTrue(result.success(), "Compatibility fix should succeed");
            assertTrue(result.modifiedCount() > 0, "Should have removed duplicate dependency");

        return !MODEL_VERSION_4_0_0.equals(targetModel);
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        return "Upgrading POM model version";
    }

    @Override
    public UpgradeResult doApply(UpgradeContext context, Map<Path, Document> pomMap) {
        String targetModelVersion = determineTargetModelVersion(context);

        Set<Path> processedPoms = new HashSet<>();

        }

        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        return "Applying Maven 4 compatibility fixes";
    }

    @Override
    public UpgradeResult doApply(UpgradeContext context, Map<Path, Document> pomMap) {
        Set<Path> processedPoms = new HashSet<>();
        Set<Path> modifiedPoms = new HashSet<>();
        Set<Path> errorPoms = new HashSet<>();

        }

        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        return "Applying Maven inference optimizations";
    }

    @Override
    public UpgradeResult doApply(UpgradeContext context, Map<Path, Document> pomMap) {
        Set<Path> processedPoms = new HashSet<>();
        Set<Path> modifiedPoms = new HashSet<>();
        Set<Path> errorPoms = new HashSet<>();

    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        return "Upgrading Maven plugins to recommended versions";
    }

    @Override
    public UpgradeResult doApply(UpgradeContext context, Map<Path, Document> pomMap) {
        Set<Path> processedPoms = new HashSet<>();
        Set<Path> modifiedPoms = new HashSet<>();
        Set<Path> errorPoms = new HashSet<>();

     */
    protected int doUpgrade(UpgradeContext context, String targetModel, Map<Path, Document> pomMap) {
        // Execute strategies using the orchestrator
        try {
            UpgradeResult result = orchestrator.executeStrategies(context, pomMap);

            // Create .mvn directory if needed to avoid root directory warnings