static void populateMultimapForGet(Multimap<Integer, String> multimap, String[] elements) {
    multimap.put(2, "foo");
    for (String element : elements) {
      multimap.put(3, element);
    }
  }

  static void populateMultimapForKeySet(Multimap<String, Integer> multimap, String[] elements) {
    for (String element : elements) {
      multimap.put(element, 2);
      multimap.put(element, 3);
    }
  }

    multimap.put("bar", 5);
    multimap.put("bar", -1);
    multimap.put(nullKey, nullValue);
    multimap.put("foo", nullValue);
    multimap.put(nullKey, 5);
    multimap.put("foo", 2);

    if (permitsDuplicates) {
      assertEquals(9, multimap.size());
    } else {
      assertEquals(8, multimap.size());
    }

    Multimap<@Nullable String, @Nullable Integer> unmodifiable;

    assertTrue(multimap.containsEntry("foo", 1));
    assertFalse(multimap.containsEntry("cat", 1));
    assertFalse(multimap.containsEntry("foo", 5));
    assertFalse(multimap.entries().isEmpty());
    assertEquals(3, multimap.size());
    assertFalse(multimap.isEmpty());
    assertEquals("{foo=[1, 3], bar=[2]}", multimap.toString());
  }

  public void testMultimapWrites() {

  static void populateMultimapForGet(Multimap<Integer, String> multimap, String[] elements) {
    multimap.put(2, "foo");
    for (String element : elements) {
      multimap.put(3, element);
    }
  }

  static void populateMultimapForKeySet(Multimap<String, Integer> multimap, String[] elements) {
    for (String element : elements) {
      multimap.put(element, 2);
      multimap.put(element, 3);
    }
  }

   * key-value mapping appears multiple times in the input multimap, it only appears once in the
   * constructed multimap. The new multimap has the same {@link Multimap#entries()} iteration order
   * as the input multimap, except for excluding duplicate mappings.
   *
   * @param multimap the multimap whose contents are copied to this multimap
   */

    } catch (UnsupportedOperationException expected) {
    }
    assertMultimapRemainsUnmodified(multimap, originalEntries);

    // Test #putAll(Multimap<K, V>)
    Multimap<K, V> multimap2 = ArrayListMultimap.create();
    multimap2.put(sampleKey, sampleValue);
    try {
      multimap.putAll(multimap2);
      fail("putAll(Multimap<K, V>) succeeded on unmodifiable multimap");

   *
   * @throws NullPointerException if any key or value in {@code multimap} is null
   */
  public static <K, V> ImmutableMultimap<K, V> copyOf(Multimap<? extends K, ? extends V> multimap) {
    if (multimap instanceof ImmutableMultimap) {
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // safe since multimap is not writable
      ImmutableMultimap<K, V> kvMultimap = (ImmutableMultimap<K, V>) multimap;
      if (!kvMultimap.isPartialView()) {

   *
   * @throws NullPointerException if any key or value in {@code multimap} is null
   */
  public static <K, V> ImmutableSetMultimap<K, V> copyOf(
      Multimap<? extends K, ? extends V> multimap) {
    return copyOf(multimap, null);
  }

  private static <K, V> ImmutableSetMultimap<K, V> copyOf(
      Multimap<? extends K, ? extends V> multimap,
      @CheckForNull Comparator<? super V> valueComparator) {

    if (multimap.isEmpty()) {
      return of();
    }

    // TODO(lowasser): copy ImmutableSetMultimap by using asList() on the sets
    if (multimap instanceof ImmutableListMultimap) {
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // safe since multimap is not writable
      ImmutableListMultimap<K, V> kvMultimap = (ImmutableListMultimap<K, V>) multimap;
      if (!kvMultimap.isPartialView()) {
        return kvMultimap;

    Multimap<String, Integer> multimap = ImmutableSetMultimap.of();
    assertFalse(multimap.containsKey("foo"));
    assertFalse(multimap.containsValue(1));
    assertFalse(multimap.containsEntry("foo", 1));
    assertTrue(multimap.entries().isEmpty());
    assertTrue(multimap.equals(HashMultimap.create()));
    assertEquals(emptySet(), multimap.get("foo"));
    assertEquals(0, multimap.hashCode());
    assertTrue(multimap.isEmpty());