# Classes as Dependencies

Before diving deeper into the **Dependency Injection** system, let's upgrade the previous example.

## A `dict` from the previous example

In the previous example, we were returning a `dict` from our dependency ("dependable"):

=== "Python 3.10+"

    ```Python hl_lines="9"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.9+"

    ```Python hl_lines="11"

Aleksandr Andrukhov <******@****.***> 1705057939 +0300

## Klassen als Abhängigkeiten

Möglicherweise stellen Sie fest, dass Sie zum Erstellen einer Instanz einer Python-Klasse die gleiche Syntax verwenden.

Zum Beispiel:

```Python
class Cat:
    def __init__(self, name: str):
        self.name = name


fluffy = Cat(name="Mr Fluffy")
```

In diesem Fall ist `fluffy` eine Instanz der Klasse `Cat`.

Date: Summary no class cycles class cycle class cycles class layers classes (using external classes) grouped in packages no package cycles package cycle package cycles no package packages Type Number of classes Averaged (maximum) size in bytes Averaged (maximum) number of usage by other classes Averaged (maximum) number of used internal classes Averaged (maximum) number of used external clasess Interfaces Abstract classes Concrete classes Cycles Name Number of classes Best Fragment Size Girth Radius Diameter...

     *
     * Starts at this class and capture all classes that reference this class and all classes and resources that were generated from this class.
     * Then does the same analysis for all classes that expose this class on their ABI recursively until no more new classes are discovered.
     */

        assertStateStored()
        result.assertTasksExecuted(":compileJava", ":processResources", ":classes", ":jar", ":compileTestJava", ":processTestResources", ":testClasses", ":test", ":assemble", ":check", ":build")
        def classFile = file("build/classes/java/main/Thing.class")
        classFile.isFile()
        def testClassFile = file("build/classes/java/test/ThingTest.class")
        testClassFile.isFile()

		Name: "/cpu/classes/gc/mark/dedicated:cpu-seconds",
		Description: "Estimated total CPU time spent performing GC tasks on " +
			"processors (as defined by GOMAXPROCS) dedicated to those tasks. " +
			"This metric is an overestimate, and not directly comparable to " +
			"system CPU time measurements. Compare only with other /cpu/classes " +
			"metrics.",
		Kind:       KindFloat64,
		Cumulative: true,
	},
	{

                    String value();
                }
            '''
        ])

        when:
        def clazz = api.classes.A
        def annotations = clazz.clazz.annotations
        def annClazz = api.classes.Ann
        def subAnnClazz = api.classes.SubAnn

        api.extractAndLoadApiClassFrom(subAnnClazz)
        def extractedAnn = api.extractAndLoadApiClassFrom(annClazz)

                        attributes { it.attribute(artifactType, 'classes') }
                    }
                    inputs.files view.files
                    doLast {
                        assert view.files.collect { it.name } == ['lib.classes', 'lib-util.classes', 'ui.classes', 'some-classes-1.0.classes']

        return value;
    }
}
"""
        List<File> classes = toSourceFile(clazz) + getConstants("int", "1")

        when:
        compiler.compile(classes)

        then:
        privateDependentToConstants["A"] == ["Constant1"] as Set
        accessibleDependentToConstants.isEmpty()
    }

    def "collect constants from inner classes"() {
        given:
        String clazz = """
class OuterClass {