existingConfigMap: createConfigMap(namespaceName, configMapName, map[string]string{}),
			expectedActions: []ktesting.Action{
				ktesting.NewUpdateAction(gvr, namespaceName, createConfigMap(namespaceName, configMapName, testData)),
			},
			expectedErr: "",
		},
		{
			name:              "existing nop ConfigMap",
			existingConfigMap: createConfigMap(namespaceName, configMapName, testData),

			var namespace *v1.Namespace
			namespaceName := a.GetNamespace()

			// Special case, the namespace object has the namespace of itself (maybe a bug).
			// unset it if the incoming object is a namespace
			if gvk := a.GetKind(); gvk.Kind == "Namespace" && gvk.Version == "v1" && gvk.Group == "" {
				namespaceName = ""
			}

			// if it is cluster scoped, namespaceName will be empty

func ConfigFuture(custom *[]Config) ConfigGetter {
	return func() []Config {
		return *custom
	}
}

// NamespaceName returns the string name of the namespace.
func (c Config) NamespaceName() string {
	return c.NamespacedName().NamespaceName()
}

// NamespacedName returns the namespaced name for the service.
func (c Config) NamespacedName() NamespacedName {
	return NamespacedName{

	cfg := echo.Config(f)
	_ = cfg.FillDefaults(nil)
	return cfg
}

func (f fakeInstance) ServiceName() string {
	return f.Config().Service
}

func (f fakeInstance) NamespaceName() string {
	return f.Config().NamespaceName()
}

func (f fakeInstance) ServiceAccountName() string {
	return f.Config().ServiceAccountName()
}

func (f fakeInstance) ClusterLocalFQDN() string {

	},
}

func TestTunnelingOutboundTraffic(t *testing.T) {
	framework.
		NewTest(t).
		RequireIstioVersion("1.15.0").
		Run(func(ctx framework.TestContext) {
			meshNs := apps.A.NamespaceName()
			externalNs := apps.External.Namespace.Name()

			applyForwardProxyConfigMaps(ctx, externalNs)
			ctx.ConfigIstio().File(externalNs, "testdata/external-forward-proxy-deployment.yaml").ApplyOrFail(ctx)

	t.toEachDeployment(t.rootCtx, func(ctx framework.TestContext, dstInstances echo.Instances) {
		gwInstance := gatewayInstance{
			NamespacedName: types.NamespacedName{
				Namespace: dstInstances.NamespaceName(),
				Name:      dstInstances.ServiceName() + "-gateway",
			},
			GatewayClass: gatewayClass,
		}
		// Build and apply per-destination config

					found = true
					break
				}
			}
			if !found {
				return fmt.Errorf("custom echo deployment %s uses unconfigured namespace %s",
					config.NamespacedName().String(), config.NamespaceName())
			}
		}
	}

	if len(c.Namespaces) > 0 {
		c.NamespaceCount = len(c.Namespaces)
	} else if c.NamespaceCount <= 0 {
		c.NamespaceCount = 1
	}

	nsLabels := map[string]string{}