---> 100%
```

</div>

<a href="https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose" class="external-link" target="_blank">Python-jose</a> requires a cryptographic backend as an extra.

Here we are using the recommended one: <a href="https://cryptography.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pyca/cryptography</a>.

!!! tip

    {!> ../../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial009_py310.py!}
    ```

## 😛 🔢

🔜 ➡️ 💬 👆 🚫 💖 👉 🔢 🚫🔜.

👆 ✔️ 👈 ⚫️ 📤 ⏪ ↩️ 📤 👩‍💻 ⚙️ ⚫️, ✋️ 👆 💚 🩺 🎯 🎦 ⚫️ <abbr title="obsolete, recommended not to use it">😢</abbr>.

⤴️ 🚶‍♀️ 🔢 `deprecated=True` `Query`:

=== "🐍 3️⃣.6️⃣ &amp; 🔛"

    ```Python hl_lines="18"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial010.py!}
    ```

This can be used as a quick shortcut if you have only one Pydantic model and want to remove some data from the output.

!!! tip
    But it is still recommended to use the ideas above, using multiple classes, instead of these parameters.

It is the recommended server for Starlette and **FastAPI**.

!!! check "**FastAPI** recommends it as"
    The main web server to run **FastAPI** applications.

    You can combine it with Gunicorn, to have an asynchronous multi-process server.

        "items:read items:write users:read profile openid"
    client_id: optional string. OAuth2 recommends sending the client_id and client_secret (if any)
        using HTTP Basic auth, as: client_id:client_secret
    client_secret: optional string. OAuth2 recommends sending the client_id and client_secret (if any)
        using HTTP Basic auth, as: client_id:client_secret
    """

    def __init__(

```Python
q: Annotated[str, Query()] = "rick"
```

...or in older code bases you will find:

```Python
q: str = Query(default="rick")
```

### Advantages of `Annotated`

**Using `Annotated` is recommended** instead of the default value in function parameters, it is **better** for multiple reasons. 🤓

The **default** value of the **function parameter** is the **actual default** value, that's more intuitive with Python in general. 😌

* 🚨 Avoid using `Optional[SomeType]`
* Instead ✨ **use `Union[SomeType, None]`** ✨.

Both are equivalent and underneath they are the same, but I would recommend `Union` instead of `Optional` because the word "**optional**" would seem to imply that the value is optional, and it actually means "it can be `None`", even if it's not optional and is still required.

---

"_If anyone is looking to build a production Python API, I would highly recommend **FastAPI**. It is **beautifully designed**, **simple to use** and **highly scalable**, it has become a **key component** in our API first development strategy and is driving many automations and services such as our Virtual TAC Engineer._"

    If you are just starting, the tutorial [SQL (Relational) Databases](../tutorial/sql-databases.md){.internal-link target=_blank} that uses SQLAlchemy should be enough.

    Feel free to skip this.

    Peewee is not recommended with FastAPI as it doesn't play well with anything async Python. There are several better alternatives.

!!! info
    These docs assume Pydantic v1.

---