### ⚙️ Pydantic `Required` ↩️ ❕ (`...`)

🚥 👆 💭 😬 ⚙️ `...`, 👆 💪 🗄 & ⚙️ `Required` ⚪️➡️ Pydantic:

```Python hl_lines="2  8"
{!../../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial006d.py!}
```

!!! tip

It requires a little bit more verbose configurations. And as it is based on WSGI (instead of ASGI), it is not designed to take advantage of the high performance provided by tools like Uvicorn, Starlette and Sanic.

!!! note
    **FastAPI** saura que la valeur de `q` n'est pas requise grâce à la valeur par défaut `= None`.

    Le `Union` dans `Union[str, None]` permettra à votre éditeur de vous offrir un meilleur support et de détecter les erreurs.

## Validation additionnelle

```TypeScript
ItemsService.createItemItemsPost({name: "Plumbus", price: 5})
```

...that's because the client generator uses the OpenAPI internal **operation ID** for each *path operation*.

## Type Hints with Metadata Annotations

Python also has a feature that allows putting **additional metadata** in these type hints using `Annotated`.

### Использование Pydantic's `Required` вместо Ellipsis (`...`)

Если вас смущает `...`, вы можете использовать `Required` из Pydantic:

=== "Python 3.9+"

    ```Python hl_lines="4  10"

!!! tip "Tipp"

* For HTTPS, **the server** needs to **have "certificates"** generated by a **third party**.
    * Those certificates are actually **acquired** from the third party, not "generated".
* Certificates have a **lifetime**.
    * They **expire**.
    * And then they need to be **renewed**, **acquired again** from the third party.
* The encryption of the connection happens at the **TCP level**.
    * That's one layer **below HTTP**.

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install "python-jose[cryptography]"

---> 100%
```

</div>

<a href="https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose" class="external-link" target="_blank">Python-jose</a> requires a cryptographic backend as an extra.

Here we are using the recommended one: <a href="https://cryptography.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pyca/cryptography</a>.

!!! tip

    * You can also add [`Security` dependencies with `scopes`](../advanced/security/oauth2-scopes.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

!!! tip
    Having `dependencies` in the `APIRouter` can be used, for example, to require authentication for a whole group of *path operations*. Even if the dependencies are not added individually to each one of them.

!!! check