if len(pets) != 1 {
		t.Fatalf("should only find one pets, but got %v", len(pets))
	}

	CheckPet(t, pets[0], *user.Pets[0])

	if count := DB.Model(&user).Where("name = ?", user.Pets[1].Name).Association("Pets").Count(); count != 1 {
		t.Fatalf("should only find one pets, but got %v", count)
	}

		t.Errorf("should only find only 3 languages, but got %+v", langs2)
	}

	DB.Clauses(clause.OnConflict{DoNothing: true}).Create(&langs)
	var langs3 []Language
	if err := DB.Find(&langs3, "code LIKE ?", "upsert-slice%").Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("no error should happen when find languages with code, but got %v", err)
	} else if len(langs3) != 3 {
		t.Errorf("should only find only 3 languages, but got %+v", langs3)

						References: []Reference{
							{ForeignKey: "Type", ForeignSchema: "Toy", PrimaryValue: "users"},
						},
					},
				},
			},
		})
	})

	t.Run("has one with only polymorphic type", func(t *testing.T) {
		type Toy struct {
			ID      int
			Name    string
			OwnerID int
			Type    string
		}

		type Cat struct {
			ID   int
			Name string

	AssertEqual(t, u2.Email, "on-conflict-user-email-2")
	AssertEqual(t, u2.Mobile, "133xxxx")
}

func TestCreateFromMapWithoutPK(t *testing.T) {
	if !isMysql() {
		t.Skipf("This test case skipped, because of only supporting for mysql")
	}

	// case 1: one record, create from map[string]interface{}
	mapValue1 := map[string]interface{}{"name": "create_from_map_with_schema1", "age": 1}

// Model specify the model you would like to run db operations
//
//	// update all users's name to `hello`
//	db.Model(&User{}).Update("name", "hello")
//	// if user's primary key is non-blank, will use it as condition, then will only update that user's name to `hello`
//	db.Model(&user).Update("name", "hello")
func (db *DB) Model(value interface{}) (tx *DB) {
	tx = db.getInstance()
	tx.Statement.Model = value
	return
}

// Clauses Add clauses

							gussNestedRelations := make([]*schema.Relationship, 0, len(nestedJoinNames))
							currentRelations := db.Statement.Schema.Relationships.Relations
							for _, relname := range nestedJoinNames {
								// incomplete match, only treated as raw sql
								if relation, ok = currentRelations[relname]; ok {
									gussNestedRelations = append(gussNestedRelations, relation)
									currentRelations = relation.FieldSchema.Relationships.Relations

		return nil // skip primary key
	}
	// By default, ColumnType's Unique is not affected by UniqueIndex, so we don't care about UniqueIndex.
	return m.RunWithValue(value, func(stmt *gorm.Statement) error {
		// We're currently only receiving boolean values on `Unique` tag,
		// so the UniqueConstraint name is fixed
		constraint := m.DB.NamingStrategy.UniqueName(stmt.Table, field.DBName)
		if unique && !field.Unique {

		t.Errorf("should only update one record, but got %v", rowsAffected)
	}

	if rowsAffected := DB.Model(users).Where("age > 0").Update("name", "jinzhu").RowsAffected; rowsAffected != 3 {
		t.Errorf("should only update one record, but got %v", rowsAffected)
	}
}

func TestUpdates(t *testing.T) {
	users := []*User{

		stmt := gorm.Statement{DB: DB}
		stmt.Parse(&Blog{})
		stmt.Schema.LookUpField("ID").Unique = true
		stmt.Parse(&Tag{})
		stmt.Schema.LookUpField("ID").Unique = true
		// postgers only allow unique constraint matching given keys
	}

	DB.Migrator().DropTable(&Blog{}, &Tag{}, "blog_tags", "locale_blog_tags", "shared_blog_tags")
	if err := DB.AutoMigrate(&Blog{}, &Tag{}); err != nil {

	)

	// optimize match english letters and midline
	// The following code is basically called in for.
	// In order to avoid the performance problems caused by repeated compilation of regular expressions,
	// it only needs to be done once outside, so optimization is done here.
	if idx != -1 && regEnLetterAndMidline.MatchString(str[0:idx]) {
		name = str[0:idx]
	} else {
		name = rel.Schema.namer.RelationshipFKName(*rel)
	}