*       in the hash code should be as evenly "spread out" through the hash code's bits as possible.
 *       The result is that, for example, when choosing a bucket in a hash table of size 2^8,
 *       <i>any</i> eight bits could be consistently used.
 *   <li><b>cryptographic:</b> certain hash functions such as {@link Hashing#sha512} are designed to
 *       make it as infeasible as possible to reverse-engineer the input that produced a given hash