// streams. Buffers are retained in a deque so that there's no copying between buffers while
    // reading and so all of the bytes in each new allocated buffer are available for reading from
    // the stream.
    for (int bufSize = initialBufferSize;
        totalLen < MAX_ARRAY_LEN;
        bufSize = IntMath.saturatedMultiply(bufSize, bufSize < 4096 ? 4 : 2)) {