* That may happen later by the connection pool thread.
   */
  fun cancel()

  /**
   * Carries an exchange. This is usually a connection, but it could also be a connect plan for
   * CONNECT tunnels. Note that CONNECT tunnels are significantly less capable than connections.
   */
  interface Carrier {
    val route: Route

    fun trackFailure(
      call: RealCall,
      e: IOException?,
    )

    replaceWith = ReplaceWith(expression = "socketAddress"),
    level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR,
  )
  fun socketAddress(): InetSocketAddress = socketAddress

  /**
   * Returns true if this route tunnels HTTPS or HTTP/2 through an HTTP proxy.
   * See [RFC 2817, Section 5.2][rfc_2817].
   *
   * [rfc_2817]: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2817.txt
   */
  fun requiresTunnel(): Boolean {

  internal var hasFailure: Boolean = false
    private set

  internal val connection: RealConnection
    get() = codec.carrier as? RealConnection ?: error("no connection for CONNECT tunnels")

  internal val isCoalescedConnection: Boolean
    get() = finder.routePlanner.address.url.host != codec.carrier.route.address.url.host

  @Throws(IOException::class)
  fun writeRequestHeaders(request: Request) {

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Funnels for common types. All implementations are serializable.
 *
 * @author Dimitris Andreou
 * @since 11.0
 */
@Beta
public final class Funnels {
  private Funnels() {}

  /** Returns a funnel that extracts the bytes from a {@code byte} array. */
  public static Funnel<byte[]> byteArrayFunnel() {
    return ByteArrayFunnel.INSTANCE;
  }

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Funnels for common types. All implementations are serializable.
 *
 * @author Dimitris Andreou
 * @since 11.0
 */
@Beta
public final class Funnels {
  private Funnels() {}

  /** Returns a funnel that extracts the bytes from a {@code byte} array. */
  public static Funnel<byte[]> byteArrayFunnel() {
    return ByteArrayFunnel.INSTANCE;
  }

 * Implementations for common types can be found in {@link Funnels}.
 *
 * <p>Note that serialization of {@linkplain BloomFilter bloom filters} requires the proper
 * serialization of funnels. When possible, it is recommended that funnels be implemented as a
 * single-element enum to maintain serialization guarantees. See Effective Java (2nd Edition), Item

        .addEqualityGroup(Funnels.longFunnel())
        .addEqualityGroup(Funnels.unencodedCharsFunnel())
        .addEqualityGroup(Funnels.stringFunnel(UTF_8))
        .addEqualityGroup(Funnels.stringFunnel(US_ASCII))
        .addEqualityGroup(
            Funnels.sequentialFunnel(Funnels.integerFunnel()),
            SerializableTester.reserialize(Funnels.sequentialFunnel(Funnels.integerFunnel())))

    HashFn hf =
        new HashFn() {
          @Override
          public byte[] hash(byte[] input, int seed) {
            Hasher hasher = murmur3_128(seed).newHasher();
            Funnels.byteArrayFunnel().funnel(input, hasher);
            return hasher.hash().asBytes();
          }
        };
    // Murmur3F, MurmurHash3 for x64, 128-bit (MurmurHash3_x64_128)

    HashFn hf =
        new HashFn() {
          @Override
          public byte[] hash(byte[] input, int seed) {
            Hasher hasher = murmur3_32(seed).newHasher();
            Funnels.byteArrayFunnel().funnel(input, hasher);
            return hasher.hash().asBytes();
          }
        };
    // Murmur3A, MurmurHash3 for x86, 32-bit (MurmurHash3_x86_32)

 4. If it's a new route, it connects by building either a direct socket connection, a TLS tunnel (for HTTPS over an HTTP proxy), or a direct TLS connection. It does TLS handshakes as necessary. This step may be retried for tunnel challenges and TLS handshake failures.
 5. It sends the HTTP request and reads the response.