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                fun Int.invoke(some: Int) {}
                operator fun Boolean.invoke(some: Int) {}

                fun String.invoke(some: Int) {}
                operator fun Long.invoke(some: Int) {}

                fun Float.invoke(some: Int) {}
                infix fun Byte.invoke(some: Int) {}

                interface Source {
                    infix fun String.plus(some: List<Int>): String

        checkBinaryCompatibleJava(
            v1 = """
                public class Source {
                    public void some() {}
                }
            """,
            v2 = """
                public class Source {
                    public void some() {
                        Runnable anon = new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {}

While a lot of Gradle source code runs only in the Gradle daemon, not all of it does so.
When working on some source code it is important to be aware of the runtimes in which it will run, so that you don't break these constraints.
There is some assistance in the IDE for this plus a lot of validation that is applied at build time and on CI, but it is useful to keep these constraints in mind as well.

        checkNotBinaryCompatibleKotlin(
            v1 = """
                class Source(some: String?) {
                    var someVar: String? = null
                    fun foo(bar: String?) {}
                }
            """,
            v2 = """
                class Source(some: String) {
                    var someVar: String = "some"
                    fun foo(bar: String) {}
                }
            """

# Build execution model

At the highest level, Gradle's execution model is quite simple:

Below is the protocol in some more detail:

1. The client looks for a compatible idle daemon. If there isn't one, it starts a new daemon.
2. The client connects to the idle daemon and sends it a request to do some work. If the daemon is no longer running, the client starts again.

                    public String[] baz() { return new String[] {"some"}; }
                }
            """,
            v2 = """
                public class Source {
                    @$nullUnmarkedAnnotationName public String foo() { return "bar"; }
                    public @$nullUnmarkedAnnotationName String[] baz() { return new String[] {"some", null}; }
                }
            """
        ) {

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Historically, Gradle has shipped with some Groovy types in very prominent APIs.
This required the Kotlin DSL to add special integration to work with Groovy closures.
This has also forced plugins written in languages other than Groovy to use Groovy types for some APIs.

When the Kotlin DSL was introduced, we made an effort to add non-Groovy equivalents for all APIs.

The Wrapper then downloads the Gradle distribution (if necessary), starts the Launcher and runs the build, spawning and connecting to other processes such as the Daemon as required.

Embedding a Java runtime in the distribution would provide some benefits, such as allowing the Launcher, Daemon and Workers to run on it, removing the prerequisite of an installed Java runtime.