app = FastAPI()

        @app.get("/", response_model=NonPydanticModel)
        def read_root():
            pass  # pragma: nocover


def test_invalid_response_model_sub_type_raises():
    with pytest.raises(FastAPIError):
        app = FastAPI()

        @app.get("/", response_model=list[NonPydanticModel])
        def read_root():
            pass  # pragma: nocover

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


def test_root_path_does_not_persist_across_requests():
    app = FastAPI()

    @app.get("/")
    def read_root():  # pragma: no cover
        return {"ok": True}

    # Attacker request with a spoofed root_path
    attacker_client = TestClient(app, root_path="/evil-api")
    response1 = attacker_client.get("/openapi.json")
    data1 = response1.json()

        ref: str = Field(validation_alias="$ref", serialization_alias="$ref")
        model_config = ConfigDict(validate_by_alias=True, serialize_by_alias=True)

    @app.get("/", response_model=ModelWithRef)
    async def read_root() -> Any:
        return {"$ref": "some-ref"}

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_get(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/")

        width: int
        length: int

        @computed_field
        @property
        def area(self) -> int:
            return self.width * self.length

    @app.get("/")
    def read_root() -> Rectangle:
        return Rectangle(width=3, length=4)

    @app.get("/responses", responses={200: {"model": Rectangle}})
    def read_responses() -> Rectangle:
        return Rectangle(width=3, length=4)

      placeholder: |
        from fastapi import FastAPI

        app = FastAPI()


        @app.get("/")
        def read_root():
            return {"Hello": "World"}
      render: python
    validations:
      required: true
  - type: textarea
    id: description
    attributes:
      label: Description
      description: |

from fastapi import FastAPI, Request

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_root(item_id: str, request: Request):
    client_host = request.client.host