return providers.map { provider ->
        provider.map {
            Optional.of(it)
        }.orElse(
            Optional.empty<T>()
        )
    }.reduce { acc, next ->
        acc.zip(next) { left, right ->
            when {
                left.isPresent -> {
                    require(!right.isPresent) {
                        "Expected at most one provider to be present"