Do you want to just have a `str`? Or just a `dict`? Or a database class model instance directly? It all works the same way.

You actually don't have users that log in to your application but robots, bots, or other systems, that have just an access token? Again, it all works the same.

### Testing file { #testing-file }

Then you could have a file `test_main.py` with your tests. It could live on the same Python package (the same directory with a `__init__.py` file):

``` hl_lines="5"
.
├── app
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── main.py
│   └── test_main.py
```

Because this file is in the same package, you can use relative imports to import the object `app` from the `main` module (`main.py`):

   *       the same.
   *   <li>The unreserved characters ".", "-", "~", and "_" remain the same.
   *   <li>The general delimiters "@" and ":" remain the same.
   *   <li>The subdelimiters "!", "$", "&amp;", "'", "(", ")", "*", "+", ",", ";", and "=" remain
   *       the same.
   *   <li>The space character " " is converted into %20.

- **Each object is written to a single EC set, and therefore is spread over no more than 16 drives.**
- **All the nodes running distributed MinIO setup are recommended to be homogeneous, i.e. same operating system, same number of drives and same network interconnects.**

## Declare model attributes { #declare-model-attributes }

You can then use `Field` with model attributes:

{* ../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[11:14] *}

`Field` works the same way as `Query`, `Path` and `Body`, it has all the same parameters, etc.

/// note | Technical Details

# Cookie Parameters { #cookie-parameters }

You can define Cookie parameters the same way you define `Query` and `Path` parameters.

## Import `Cookie` { #import-cookie }

First import `Cookie`:

{* ../../docs_src/cookie_params/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[3] *}

## Declare `Cookie` parameters { #declare-cookie-parameters }

Then declare the cookie parameters using the same structure as with `Path` and `Query`.

But in our code we are actually using `secrets.compare_digest()`.

In short, it will take the same time to compare `stanleyjobsox` to `stanleyjobson` than it takes to compare `johndoe` to `stanleyjobson`. And the same for the password.

That way, using `secrets.compare_digest()` in your application code, it will be safe against this whole range of security attacks.

All of them share the same parameters for additional validation and metadata you have seen.

///

/// note | Technical Details

When you import `Query`, `Path` and others from `fastapi`, they are actually functions.

That when called, return instances of classes of the same name.

    @DisplayName("Constructor stores and exposes same array reference")
    void constructor_and_get_referenceSemantics() {
        // Arrange
        byte[] data = new byte[] { (byte) 0xDE, (byte) 0xAD, (byte) 0xBE, (byte) 0xEF };

        // Act
        SecurityBlob blob = new SecurityBlob(data);

        // Assert
        assertSame(data, blob.get(), "get() should expose the same array reference passed in");

## Multiple path and query parameters { #multiple-path-and-query-parameters }

You can declare multiple path parameters and query parameters at the same time, **FastAPI** knows which is which.

And you don't have to declare them in any specific order.

They will be detected by name:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial004_py310.py hl[6,8] *}

## Required query parameters { #required-query-parameters }