File msvcVersionFile = new File(installDir, VS2017_METADATA_FILE_PATH);
        if (!msvcVersionFile.exists() || !msvcVersionFile.isFile()) {
            LOGGER.debug("The MSVC version file at {} either does not exist or is not a file.  Cannot determine the MSVC version for this installation.", msvcVersionFile.getAbsolutePath());
            return null;
        }
        try {

        versionMetadata[0].installDir == new File(localRoot, "Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Community")
        versionMetadata[0].visualCppDir == new File(versionMetadata[0].installDir, "VC/Tools/MSVC/1.2.3.4")
        versionMetadata[0].visualCppVersion == VersionNumber.parse("1.2.3.4")
        versionMetadata[0].compatibility == VS2017_OR_LATER

        versionMetadata[1].version == VersionNumber.parse("14.0")

        return Collections.singleton(new ToolChainExecution(versionedTool));
    }

    // TODO: This exists because we detect all available native tool chains on a system (clang, gcc, swiftc, msvc).
    //
    // Many of our old tests assume that available tool chains can compile many/most languages, so they do not try to
    // restrict the required set of tool chains.
    //

        ['/nologo', '/c', '/Dfoo=bar', '/Dempty', '-firstArg', '-secondArg',
         '/I' + includeDir.absoluteFile.toString(), '/I' + systemIncludeDir.absoluteFile.toString()]
    }

    def "arguments include MSVC output flag and output file name"() {
        given:
        def compiler = getCompiler()
        def testDir = tmpDirProvider.testDirectory
        def outputFile = testDir.file("output.ext")

        then:
        metadata.version == VersionNumber.parse("1.2.3.4")
        metadata.visualCppDir == new File(installDir, "VC/Tools/MSVC/1.2.3.4")
    }

    def "returns null when metadata cannot be derived from compiler metadata file"() {
        def installDir = tmpDir.createDir("dir1")

        expect:

        List<String> args = new ArrayList<String>();
        if (spec.isDebuggable()) {
            args.add("/Fd" + new File(outputFile.getParentFile(), outputFile.getName() + ".pdb"));
        }
        // MSVC doesn't allow a space between Fo and the file name
        args.add("/Fo" + outputFile.getAbsolutePath());
        return args;
    }

    @Override
    protected void addOptionsFileArgs(List<String> args, File tempDir) {

// catches that.
//
// For the same reason, we have to write
//   if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) { statement; }
// instead of
//   GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement)
// to avoid an MSVC warning on unreachable code.
#define EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(statement, substr) \
  do {\
    ::testing::TestPartResultArray gtest_failures;\
    ::testing::internal::SingleFailureChecker gtest_checker(\

// catches that.
//
// For the same reason, we have to write
//   if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) { statement; }
// instead of
//   GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement)
// to avoid an MSVC warning on unreachable code.
#define EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(statement, substr) \
  do {\
    ::testing::TestPartResultArray gtest_failures;\
    ::testing::internal::SingleFailureChecker gtest_checker(\

//   std::cout << foo;
//
// will print "1 != 2".
//
// Message is not intended to be inherited from.  In particular, its
// destructor is not virtual.
//
// Note that stringstream behaves differently in gcc and in MSVC.  You
// can stream a NULL char pointer to it in the former, but not in the
// latter (it causes an access violation if you do).  The Message
// class hides this difference by treating a NULL char pointer as
// "(null)".

//   std::cout << foo;
//
// will print "1 != 2".
//
// Message is not intended to be inherited from.  In particular, its
// destructor is not virtual.
//
// Note that stringstream behaves differently in gcc and in MSVC.  You
// can stream a NULL char pointer to it in the former, but not in the
// latter (it causes an access violation if you do).  The Message
// class hides this difference by treating a NULL char pointer as
// "(null)".