}
    },
    NEW {
      @Override
      long copy(Readable from, Appendable to) throws IOException {
        return CharStreams.copy(from, to);
      }
    };

    abstract long copy(Readable from, Appendable to) throws IOException;
  }

  enum TargetSupplier {
    STRING_WRITER {
      @Override
      Appendable get(int sz) {
        return new StringWriter(sz);
      }
    },
    STRING_BUILDER {

      }
    },
    NEW {
      @Override
      long copy(Readable from, Appendable to) throws IOException {
        return CharStreams.copy(from, to);
      }
    };

    abstract long copy(Readable from, Appendable to) throws IOException;
  }

  enum TargetSupplier {
    STRING_WRITER {
      @Override
      Appendable get(int sz) {
        return new StringWriter(sz);
      }
    },
    STRING_BUILDER {

  private static class SpyAppendable implements Appendable, Flushable, Closeable {
    boolean flushed;
    boolean closed;
    StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();

    @Override
    public Appendable append(CharSequence csq) {
      result.append(csq);
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public Appendable append(char c) {
      result.append(c);
      return this;
    }

        nodes.each { node ->
            format(node, builder, 0, prettyPrint, prettyPrint)
        }
        return builder.toString()
    }

    def format(Node node, Appendable target, int depth, boolean prettyPrint, boolean indentSelf) {
        if (node instanceof Element) {
            Element element = (Element) node

            if (indentSelf && depth > 0) {

import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Nonnull;

/**
 * Message builder that supports configurable styling.
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 * @see MessageBuilderFactory
 */
public interface MessageBuilder extends Appendable {

    /**
     * Append message content in trace style.
     * By default, bold magenta
     *
     * @param message the message to append
     * @return the current builder
     */
    @Nonnull

You can create dependencies that have **sub-dependencies**.

They can be as **deep** as you need them to be.

**FastAPI** will take care of solving them.

## First dependency "dependable"

You could create a first dependency ("dependable") like:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="8-9"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.9+

Diese können so **tief** verschachtelt sein, wie nötig.

**FastAPI** kümmert sich darum, sie aufzulösen.

## Erste Abhängigkeit, „Dependable“

Sie könnten eine erste Abhängigkeit („Dependable“) wie folgt erstellen:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="8-9"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.9+

# Security Tools

When you need to declare dependencies with OAuth2 scopes you use `Security()`.

But you still need to define what is the dependable, the callable that you pass as a parameter to `Depends()` or `Security()`.

There are multiple tools that you can use to create those dependables, and they get integrated into OpenAPI so they are shown in the automatic docs UI, they can be used by automatically generated clients and SDKs, etc.

## First Steps

Let's see a very simple example. It will be so simple that it is not very useful, for now.

But this way we can focus on how the **Dependency Injection** system works.

### Create a dependency, or "dependable"

Let's first focus on the dependency.

It is just a function that can take all the same parameters that a *path operation function* can take:

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[8:9] *}

**FastAPI** weiß, was jeweils zu tun ist und wie dasselbe Objekt wiederverwendet werden kann, sodass alle Hintergrundtasks zusammengeführt und anschließend im Hintergrund ausgeführt werden: