T[] result = newArray(array, array.length + 1);
    result[0] = element;
    arraycopy(array, 0, result, 1, array.length);
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new array that appends {@code element} to {@code array}.
   *
   * @param array the array of elements to prepend
   * @param element the element to append to the end

        String value3 = "c";
        settings.array().add(key, value1);
        settings.array().add(key, value2);
        settings.array().add(key, value3);
        assertEquals(3, settings.array().get(key).length);
        assertEquals(value1, settings.array().get(key)[0]);
        assertEquals(value2, settings.array().get(key)[1]);
        assertEquals(value3, settings.array().get(key)[2]);
    }

    @Test

        // Verify num_sids
        assertEquals(0, lsarSidArrayX.num_sids, "num_sids should be 0 for an empty array");

        // Verify sids array
        assertNotNull(lsarSidArrayX.sids, "sids array should not be null for an empty array");
        assertEquals(0, lsarSidArrayX.sids.length, "sids array length should be 0 for an empty array");
    }

    @Test
    void testConstructorWithNullSIDArray() {
        jcifs.SID[] sids = null;

  @CollectionSize.Require(absent = {ZERO, ONE})
  public void testCreateWithDuplicates_nullDuplicatesNotRejected() {
    E[] array = createArrayWithNullElement();
    array[0] = null;
    collection = getSubjectGenerator().create(array);

    List<E> expectedWithDuplicateRemoved = asList(array).subList(1, getNumElements());
    expectContents(expectedWithDuplicateRemoved);
  }

  @CollectionSize.Require(absent = {ZERO, ONE})
  public void testCreateWithDuplicates_nullDuplicatesNotRejected() {
    E[] array = createArrayWithNullElement();
    array[0] = null;
    collection = getSubjectGenerator().create(array);

    List<E> expectedWithDuplicateRemoved = asList(array).subList(1, getNumElements());
    expectContents(expectedWithDuplicateRemoved);
  }

    assertSame(
        "toArray(sameSizeE[]) should return the given array", array, collection.toArray(array));
    expectArrayContentsInOrder(getOrderedElements(), array);
  }

  public void testToArray_rightSizedArrayOfObject() {
    Object[] array = new Object[getNumElements()];
    assertSame(
        "toArray(sameSizeObject[]) should return the given array",
        array,

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Simple helper class to build a "sparse" array of objects based on the indexes that were added to
 * it. The array will be from 0 to the maximum index given. All non-set indexes will contain null
 * (so it's not really a sparse array, just a pseudo sparse array). The builder can also return a
 * CharEscaper based on the generated array.
 *
 * @author Sven Mawson
 * @since 15.0
 */
@GwtCompatible

    T[] result = newArray(array, array.length + 1);
    result[0] = element;
    arraycopy(array, 0, result, 1, array.length);
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new array that appends {@code element} to {@code array}.
   *
   * @param array the array of elements to prepend
   * @param element the element to append to the end

    int len = string.length();
    int size = len * count;
    char[] array = new char[size];
    string.getChars(0, len, array, 0);
    int n;
    for (n = len; n < size - n; n <<= 1) {
      System.arraycopy(array, 0, array, n, n);
    }
    System.arraycopy(array, 0, array, n, size - n);
    return new String(array);
  }

          swap(array, from, to);
        }
        return array[k];
      } else {
        int midIndex = (from + to) >>> 1;
        // Choose the median of the elements at the from, to and mid indexes,
        // and rearrange so that array[from]<=array[from+1], and
        // array[to] => array[from + 1].

        swap(array, midIndex, from + 1);

        if (array[from] > array[to]) {